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# 安装ngnix
## 方式一：命令行直接启动
```bash
$ docker pull nginx:alpine3.18-slim
$ docker run -d --name nginx-server \
-v ~/nginx/config/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro \
-v ~/nginx/static:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro \
-p 8080:80 nginx:alpine3.18-slim
```
{% hint style="info" %}
获取默认配置
首先，随便启动一个nginx的容器：
```bash
$ docker run -d --name tmp-nginx nginx:alpine3.18-slim
```
然后，将容器中的配置文件复制到宿主机的当前目录：
```bash
$ docker cp tmp-nginx:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf .
$ ls
nginx.conf
```
{% endhint %}
## 方式二：Dockerfile
1. 创建工作目录：
```bash
$ mkdir nginx-custom
$ cd nginx-custom
```
2. 新建**nginx.conf**文件（下面的内容是配置文件的默认内容）：
```nginx
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
```
3. 新建静态index.html页面：
```html
Hello, Docker!
```
4. 新建Dockerfile：
```docker
FROM nginx:alpine3.18-slim
COPY index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
```
5. 构建镜像：
```bash
$ docker build -t custom-nginx:latest .
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
custom-nginx latest 9d56d9d2cefc 7 seconds ago 17MB
```
6. 启动容器：
$ docker run -d --name my-nginx -p 8080:80 custom-nginx
$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
693636377aa8 custom-nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 4 seconds ago Up 1 second 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp, :::8080->80/tcp my-nginx